The rise of online gig work is revolutionizing the way young people around the world approach their careers. With the ability to choose where and when to work, as well as which projects to take on, online gig work offers unprecedented flexibility and autonomy. According to recent data analysis, a staggering 243 million youth are embracing this new way of working, particularly in developing countries where traditional job opportunities may be limited.
A recent World Bank report titled “Working without Borders” delves into the growing trend of young workers turning to digital platforms for task-based jobs. These platforms provide a gateway to a global marketplace, allowing youth to access a wide range of job opportunities and continuously upgrade their skills to stay competitive in the evolving job market. Online gig work is no longer a niche activity, comprising up to 12% of the global labor force, with youth making up over half of this workforce.
So, what motivates young people to choose online gig work over traditional employment? One key factor is the flexibility it offers. Students can earn extra income and gain valuable experience while studying, while young professionals can continuously enhance their skills in line with market demands. Additionally, the potential for higher pay, the ability to be one’s own boss, and access to job opportunities in areas with low local demand for labor make online gig work an attractive option for many.
Contrary to common assumptions, online gig workers come from various backgrounds and locations, including smaller towns where local job opportunities may be scarce. However, access to the internet, a reliable connection, and digital devices are essential for engaging in online gig work. While expanding internet access is crucial, our research shows that there are still barriers to online gig work beyond connectivity, highlighting the need to address spatial inequalities in labor markets.
Online gig work offers numerous benefits for different types of workers, regardless of their education level. For example, in regions like Pakistan’s Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, online gig workers earn more than informal sector workers, even after adjusting for various factors. Women, in particular, can benefit from the flexibility of online gig work, allowing them to earn income while managing household responsibilities.
Despite the opportunities online gig work presents, challenges remain, particularly in terms of social protection for workers. Many online gig workers lack access to health insurance and other benefits, underscoring the need for targeted social protection programs. However, most young gig workers aspire to grow their careers as freelancers and are eager to develop their skills further.
In conclusion, online gig work is reshaping the future of work for young people worldwide. Policymakers and stakeholders have a crucial role to play in supporting youth employment and digital skills by providing affordable internet access, digital tools, and training. By partnering with online platforms to expand social protection coverage and meet the evolving needs of this dynamic workforce, we can ensure that online gig work continues to empower and uplift the next generation of workers.
